Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary,Goa
Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary is the largest protected area in Goa and a key part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. It protects tropical evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, moist deciduous stretches, and riparian habitat that support a wide array of flora and fauna, including large mammals, reptiles, and many endemic and migratory birds. The sanctuary also contains important cultural heritage sites such as the 11th–12th century Tambdi Surla Shiva Temple and the scenic Dudhsagar Falls (one of India’s tallest waterfalls), making it significant for both natural conservation and cultural tourism.
Places to visit
- Dudhsagar Waterfalls – spectacular multi-tiered fall best seen after the monsoon
- Tambdi Surla Temple – a rare and well-preserved 11th–12th century Kadamba-period stone temple set in the forest
- Mollem (Mollem National Park) and dense evergreen tracts – core wildlife habitat
- Kulem (Collem) and Sonalium areas – trailheads for treks and jeep safaris
- Scenic train route and railway bridge near Dudhsagar – popular photo spot
Unique Aspects
- High biodiversity as part of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage site area
- Home to species such as gaur (Indian bison), leopard, sloth bear, chital, sambar, rhesus macaque, bonnet macaque, and a rich birdlife including hornbills and kingfishers
- Lush evergreen canopy, seasonal rivers and pools, and dramatic waterfalls
- Elephant movement corridors (seasonal) and varied terrain for trekking
Things to do
- Wildlife spotting and birdwatching – guided walks and hides offer good chances to see mammals and many bird species
- Dudhsagar jeep safaris and train-viewing – organized jeep rides from Kulem/Collem to the falls (subject to local regulations)
- Trekking and nature trails – several trails of varying difficulty, including routes to Dudhsagar and Tambdi Surla
- Photography – landscape, wildlife and temple architecture
- Picnicking and short nature walks in designated areas
Best Time to Visit
October to March for pleasant weather and good wildlife activity; June to September (monsoon) gives the most spectacular Dudhsagar flow but access can be restricted and trails slippery.
Weather Conditions
Tropical: heavy monsoon rains (June–September), humid and warm in pre-monsoon months (March–May), cool and pleasant in winter (November–February). Carry rain protection during monsoon.
Accessibility
Nearest railhead: Kulem (Collem) Railway Station for access to Dudhsagar trek and jeep safaris. Nearest major towns: Margao (Madgaon) and Panaji. Nearest airport: Goa International Airport (Dabolim) ~60–80 km by road depending on route. Access by road via NH and local roads to Mollem/Kulem; some interior tracks require 4x4 vehicles or guided jeep services. Trekking routes may be physically demanding; some areas restricted during monsoon or for conservation reasons.
Recommended Duration
Plan 1–2 days to explore the sanctuary comfortably (half-day visits are possible for Dudhsagar or Tambdi Surla, but overnight in a nearby town allows relaxed trekking and wildlife watching).
Clothing & Gear Tips
Lightweight breathable clothing, sturdy trekking shoes, rain jacket (monsoon), hat, sunscreen, insect repellent, binoculars, water bottle, and a basic first-aid kit. Respect forest rules—do not litter or disturb wildlife.
Local Food & Souvenirs
Try Goan specialties nearby such as fish curry, vindaloo, xacuti, and kokum drinks. Local souvenirs include cashew-based products, spices, handicrafts and woven items. Carry some cash for small vendors in remote areas.
